Chemical fertilizers are synthetic substances that provide essential nutrients to plants for faster growth and higher yields. They are primarily composed of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), often referred to as NPK fertilizers, along with secondary and micronutrients. These fertilizers enhance soil fertility and boost crop production by supplying nutrients in readily available forms. However, excessive or improper use can lead to soil degradation, water pollution, and environmental imbalances. While chemical fertilizers play a crucial role in modern agriculture, sustainable practices such as balanced application and integration with organic fertilizers are recommended to maintain long-term soil health and productivity
