Bio-fertilizers are natural soil supplements containing beneficial microorganisms that enhance plant growth by improving nutrient availability. These microorganisms, such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and mycorrhizal fungi, help convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form, break down organic matter, and enhance root absorption. Unlike chemical fertilizers, bio-fertilizers promote sustainable agriculture by maintaining soil health, increasing crop yield, and reducing environmental pollution. They are widely used in organic farming and are essential for improving soil fertility and plant resilience against diseases. With their eco-friendly benefits, bio-fertilizers play a crucial role in sustainable and productive farming practices.
